فرایند اسپین‌آف و توسعة سرمایة اجتماعی کارآفرینان دانشگاهی

نوع مقاله : پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه اقتصاد، دانشکدة اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نراق، ایران

10.22059/jscm.2023.363879.2437

چکیده

مطالعة حاضر با هدف بررسی چگونگی کمک فرایند اسپین‌آف‌ها به توسعة سرمایة اجتماعی کارآفرینان دانشگاهی انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر ماهیت استقرایی، اکتشافی، و کیفی دارد. روش تحقیق از نوع تحلیل موردی چندگانه است. در این ارتباط هشت ونتور دانشگاهی دو تا چهار ساله، دارای حداکثر تنوع در مؤلفه‌های کلیدی، شامل کارآفرینان و سازمان‌های مادر و فناوری، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. انتخاب این تعداد خاص نتیجة اشباع نظری در طول مرحلة کدگذاری و تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها بود. داده‌ها از طریق 35 مصاحبة‌ نیمه‌ساختار‌یافته با زمان متوسط دو ساعت شامل 22 مصاحبه با کارآفرینان و 13 مصاحبه با مدیران و سایر کارکنان مراکز رشد جمع‌آوری شد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل و تفسیر داده‌ها از طریق رونویسی مصاحبه‌ها، کدنویسی، و تحلیل مصاحبه با کمک نرم‌افزار NVivo 2.0، فایل توضیحات برای هر مورد، جداول تحلیلی، مقایسه‌های درون‌موردی و بین‌موردی، و نهایتاً مقایسه با پیشینه و مبانی نظری صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد: سه مکانیسم وابستگی به دانشگاه، غوطه‌ور شدن در شبکة روابط دانشگاهی، و بسترسازی جهت ایجاد سرمایه‌گذاری خطرپذیر برای کارآفرینان جهت توضیح سهم فرایند اسپین‌آف‌ها در توسعة سرمایة اجتماعی کارآفرینان دانشگاهی تأثیرگذار خواهد بود. وابستگی باعث اعتبار پروژة کارآفرینان و دسترسی ترجیحی به مخاطبان و منابع خاص می‌شود. مکانیسم غوطه‌وری فرصت‌هایی را برای جلسات فراهم می‌کند و کارآفرینان را به شبکة مخاطبان و ساختار دانشگاه نزدیک می‌کند تا شبکة پشتیبانی خود را توسعه دهند. مکانسیم بسترسازی از طریق ایجاد فرصت‌های ملاقات برای کارآفرینان و واسطه‌گری بین کارآفرینان و سایر مخاطبان باعث توسعة مهارت‌های اجتماعی و تجاری و مالی می‌شود و به توسعة شبکه‌های تجاری می‌انجامد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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